Yield Aggregator

Smart contract vaults that automate yield strategies across pools or lenders and auto-compound rewards, charging a management or performance fee.

Yield Farming

Strategy of moving liquidity across protocols to earn fees, incentives, or interest, balancing APY against smart contract and market risk.

XOF, eXtendable-Output Function

Hash function variant that can produce arbitrary length output, e.g., SHAKE128/256; useful in ZK systems and key derivation for flexible digest sizes.

Justice Transaction (Lightning)

Penalty transaction that claims funds when a channel partner broadcasts an old state; requires timely watchtower or client monitoring to react within the challenge window.

Unforgeability

Security property that signatures or proofs cannot be created by anyone without the secret key; cornerstone of digital signature and zk systems.

Unlinkability

Privacy property ensuring that two actions or identities cannot be reliably linked; goal of mixers, ring signatures, and privacy‑preserving credentials.

UTF‑8

Unicode text encoding widely used on the web and in smart contract ABIs and logs; variable‑length with ASCII compatibility.

Utility Token

Token designed to provide access, usage rights, or fee discounts within a protocol rather than representing ownership, claims, or debt obligations.

Unsupervised Learning

Learning from unlabeled data to discover structure such as clusters or latent factors; includes methods like autoencoders and k‑means.

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