Nash Equilibrium

Game‑theory state where no participant benefits by changing strategy alone, key for mechanism design.

Network Effects

The value of a protocol increases as more users, developers, and liquidity join and interact.

Name Service

On‑chain registry that maps human‑readable names to addresses and metadata, improving UX.

Nonce Reuse

Repeating a nonce with the same key leaks secrets in signatures like ECDSA, enabling key recovery.

Nonce

A number used once in mining or per‑account sequence to make transactions unique and ordered.

Node Operator

A person or service that runs and maintains blockchain nodes for staking, validation, or indexing.

Node

A participant in a peer‑to‑peer network that validates, relays, or produces blocks.

NiPoPoW

Non‑interactive proofs of proof‑of‑work that let lightweight clients verify chain work succinctly.